History of Computer

 

Topic Outline

  • History of computer
  • Abacus
  • John Napier's Bone
  • Blaise Pascal
  • Von Leibnitz
  • Charles Xavier
  • Joseph
  • Charles Babbage
  • Herman Hollerith
  • Atanasoff
  • George Boole
  • Mark 1 Computer
  • ENIAC 
  • EDVAC
  • UNIVAC
  • Commercial Computer
History of computer


Today those computers that we are used behind this many efforts of different peoples. An Abacus computing device was used for addition and subtraction. John Napier Bones created the slide rule to perform mathematical calculations. Blaise Pascal invented the mechanical machine for adding and subtracting. Von Leibnitz also invented the calculating machine that was used for division and multiplication. Charles Xavier invented the machine that could perform addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. Charles Babbage invented a difference engine and an analytical engine. A brief history is available below👇.

The computer was invented because 'necessity is the mother of invention'. A brief history behind the invention of the computer is as follows:

(1)Abacus

  • It was the first computing device.
  • It was developed 5000 years ago.
  • It was used to perform simple addition & subtraction.
  • Abacus was a wooden rack.
  • The beads in a rack could move easily.
  • All arithmetic calculations were performed by moving these beads.


(2)John Napier's Bone

  • It was a Scottish mathematician.
  • He created logarithm tables.
  • John Napier Bone created a device known as Napier's Bones.
  • This device used rods to perform calculations.
  • The concept of logarithm was used to develop the slide rule.
  • These slide rule is used to perform arithmetic calculations, squares square roots, logs, sine, cosine, etc.

(3)Blaise Pascal

  • It was a French mathematician.
  • Blaise Pascal invented the mechanical adding machine in 1642 known as Pascaline Calculator.
  • Machine contained different metal wheels, and each wheel displayed digits 0-9.
  • Machine could only add and subtract numbers but division and multiplication are performed by repeating subtract and add functions.

(4)Von Leibnitz

  • It was a German scientist.
  • Von Leibnitz developed a calculating machine in 1694.
  • It was the first calculator that could perform multiplication and division also.
  • This was similar to the Pascaline Calculator.

(5)Charles Xavier

  • It was a French scientist.
  • He developed a machine that could perform addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.

(6)Joseph

  • He was a French engineer Joseph.
  • He developed the punchboard system for power looms.
  • Punchboard system was used to create specific weaving patterns on clothes.
  • Later on, the punchboard system was used in computing devices.

(7)Charles Babbage 

  • He was a mathematician.
  • He invented a difference engine for mathematical calculation in 1822.
  • He also developed an Analytical engine that was automatic in 1842.
  • Analytical engine could perform 60 additions per minute.

(8)Herman Hollerith

  • In 1889, he used punch cards on the computer for input and output.

(9)Atanasoff

  • He was a professor at Iowa University.
  • He invented the electronic computer and applied Boolean algebra to computer circuitry.

(10)George Boole

  • He simplified the binary system of algebra that any mathematical equation can be stated simply as either true or false.

The well known early computers are as below:

  • Mark 1 Computer    1937-1944
  • ENIAC                     1943-1946
  • EDVAC                    1946-1952
  • UNIVAC                  1951
  • Mark 1 Computer  1937-1944
The Mark 1 computer is also called Automatic Sequence Controlled Calculator. The Mark 1 computer was the first automatic calculating machine. The Mark 1 computer was reliable. It was huge in size. The Mark 1 computer was designed by Howard A. Aiken.
  • ENIAC 1943-1946 
It stands for Electronic Numerical Integrator and Calculator. ENIAC was the first electronic computer. This computer was very large and heavy. J. P. Eckert and John Mauchly developed the electronic numerical integrator and calculator in 1946. This computer consumed 140nKilo Watts of power. This computer could perform 5000 additions per second.
  • EDVAC 1946-1952
It stands for Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic Calculator. Dr. John Neumann developed the electronic discrete variable automatic calculator. This calculator can store instructions and data.
  • UNIVAC 1951
It stands for Universal Automatic Computer. The universal automatic computer was developed by two scientists Eckert and Mauchly. The universal automatic computer was the first computer for commercial use. This computer was developed for both scientific and commercial applications. 

Commercial Computer
The first commercial computer was 701 and it was introduced by International Business Machines (IBM).


Comments

  1. Mahrukh NaeemSeptember 21, 2021 at 1:41 AM

    I didn't know Atanasoff applied the boolean algebra 😲 he was a genius and so you are!

    ReplyDelete

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