Computer Keyboard


 

A keyboard is one of the most commonly used input device. Data is entered in computer by using a keyboard. Buttons on the keyboard are called keys. Most popular keyboard layout is QWERTY.

Keys on computer keyboard are classified as below:

(1) Numeric Keypad

It is located on the right side of keyboard. Numeric keypad has arithmetic operator keys (+, -, *, /) and digits from 0 to 9.Arithmetic operators are used in arithmetic operations. It also has a Num Lock key. When Num Lock key is off, keypad cannot used to type numbers.

(2) Alphanumeric Keys

This keys include all alphabet letter and digits from 0 to 9.

(3) Backspace Key

It is used to delete a single number or letter.

(4) Function Keys

Function keys F1 to F12 are present at the top of keyboard. Function keys are used to perform special functions.

For example

F1 key is used to get help.

F2 key is used to rename a selected folder or file.

F5 key is used to reload or refresh a page.

(5) Enter Key

It is used to enter input data in the computer.

(6) Caps Lock Key

If Caps lock key is press, the characters appear in uppercase. If Caps lock key is not press, the characters does not appear in uppercase. Numbers and symbols never change by Caps lock key.

(7) Modifier Keys

This keys are used to change the input of other keys. Modifier keys are as below.

  • Ctrl Key

         Ctrl key is used in combination with other keys.

For example

Ctrl+ O is used to open a file.

Ctrl+ C is used to copy a selected text.

Ctrl+ Y is used to paste a text.

Ctrl+ B is used to bold a selected text.

  • Shift Key

         It is used to type capital letter or symbols.

  • Alt Key

         Alt key is used in combination with other keys. It is used to perform special functions.

For example

Alt+ F4 is used to close a program.

Alt+ V is used to open the view file menu.

(8) Tab Key

It is used to move the cursor to the next tab stop.

(9) Cursor Control Keys

It consist of arrow keys. Arrow keys are used to move the cursor within the text or around the screen. Cursor Control keys are as follow.

  • Home

         It is used in word processing to move cursor to the top of screen.

  • Arrows

         Keys that move the cursor are called Arrow keys. Up arrow , Down arrow, Left arrow          and Right arrow.

  • End 

         It is used in word processing to move the cursor to the right or end of screen.

  • Page Up

         It is used in word processing to move the cursor one page up on the screen.

  • Page Down

         It is used in word processing to move the cursor one page down on the screen.

(10) Special Purpose Keys

Some keys are used for special purposes.

  • Ecs

         It is used to terminate the current task.

  • Delete

         It is used to delete a single letter or number. It is also used to delete the selected letter          or number.

  • Print Screen

         It is used to capture everything.

  • Insert

         It is used to switch between insert mode and overtype mode.

  • Pause/ Break

         It is used to pause screen. Screen is pause when information is too fast to read.

Types of Keyboard

Different types of keyboard are as below.

(1) QWERTY Keyboard

Standard keyboard is called QWERTY. The first six keys on top row of letters are Q,W,E,R,T,Y. That's why it is called QWERTY keyboard.

(2) Enhanced Keyboard

This keyboard contains twelve function keys, two control keys, two Alt keys, arrow keys and additional keys between typing area and numeric keypad.

(3) Wireless Keyboard

A keyboard that has no wire is called wireless keyboard. Wireless keyboard are available in different styles. Wireless keyboard transmits data using wireless technology like radio waves.

(4) Portable Keyboard

Portable keyboard easily attached or removed from handheld computer.

(5) Ergonomic Keyboard

Ergonomic keyboard is specially designed to reduce the chance pf wrist injuries during typing. This keyboard provides comfort and safety. 

(6) Gaming Keyboard

Gaming keyboard is specially designed for playing games on the computer.





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